SQL provides several functions for working with dates and time functions. These functions can be used to perform operations such as formatting dates, extracting parts of a date, calculating differences between dates, and more. Here are some of the most commonly used date and time functions in SQL:

1. CURDATE() and CURTIME(): These functions return the current date and time, respectively. Here is an example:

SELECT CURDATE();
SELECT CURTIME();

The first query will return the current date in the format YYYY-MM-DD and the second query will return the current time in the format HH:MM:SS.

2. DATE_ADD and DATE_SUB: These functions add or subtract a specified interval from a date. The syntax for these functions is:

DATE_ADD(date, INTERVAL interval amount unit)
DATE_SUB(date, INTERVAL interval amount unit)

Here is an example:

SELECT DATE_ADD('2022-01-01', INTERVAL 1 YEAR);
SELECT DATE_SUB('2022-01-01', INTERVAL 1 YEAR);

The first query will return '2023-01-01' and the second query will return '2021-01-01'.

3. DATEDIFF: This function calculates the difference between two dates. The syntax for this function is:

DATEDIFF(date1, date2)

Here is an example:

SELECT DATEDIFF('2022-01-01', '2021-01-01');

The result of this query will be 365, which is the number of days between the two dates.

4. DATE_FORMAT: This function formats a date according to a specified format. The syntax for this function is:

DATE_FORMAT(date, format)

Here is an example:

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2022-01-01', '%M %d, %Y');

The result of this query will be 'January 01, 2022'.

In conclusion, SQL provides several functions for working with dates and times. These functions can be used to perform operations such as formatting dates, calculating differences between dates, and more. These functions are useful when working with date and time data in SQL.

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