In SQL, an alias is a temporary name given to a column or table in a query. The purpose of using aliases is to make column names or table names more readable or to change the name of a column or table for the duration of a query.

To use an alias, you can use the AS keyword in the SELECT statement, followed by the desired alias name. Here is an example:

SELECT column_name AS alias_name
FROM table_name;

For example, consider a sales table with the following data:

date	product_name	quantity	price
2021-01-01	Apple	10	2.00
2021-01-01	Orange	15	1.50
2021-01-02	Apple	20	2.00
2021-01-02	Orange	25	1.50

The following query returns the total sales for each product, along with the product name:

SELECT product_name, SUM(quantity * price) AS total_sales
FROM sales
GROUP BY product_name;

Result:

product_name	total_sales
Apple	50.00
Orange	57.50

In this example, the AS keyword is used to create an alias for the calculated column SUM(quantity * price), which is given the name total_sales.

You can also use aliases for table names. For example:

SELECT s.date, s.product_name, SUM(s.quantity * s.price) AS total_sales
FROM sales AS s
GROUP BY s.product_name;

In this example, the table sales is given the aliases.

In conclusion, aliases in SQL can be used to make column names or table names more readable or to change the name of a column or table for the duration of a query. Using aliases can make your SQL code more readable and understandable.

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